бичлэгenglish lesson
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Simple Past Tense Usage - хэрэглээ
Бид энэ цагийг єнгєрсєн vзэгдэл, vйлдэл болон нєхцєл байдлыг дvрслэхдээ хэрэглэдэг.
Example: It rained all day yesterday - Єчигдєр єдєржингєє бороо орсон.
Rained нь энгийн єнгєрсєн цаг юм.
Simple past tense нь олонхи тохиолдолд -ed гэсэн тєгсгєлтэй байдаг.
Example: When I lived in Darhan, I worked in a post office - Би Дарханд амьдарч байхдаа шууданд ажиллаж байсан.
My grandfather died in 1990- Миний євєє 1990 онд нас барсан.
She studied Japanese as a girl - Тэр жоохон охин байхдаа япон хэл сурч байсан.
Spelling of regular verbs - Дvрмийн дагуу хувирдаг vйл vгийн бичлэг
1. Most regular verbs - ихэнх дvрмийн дагуу хувирдаг vйл vгс:
listen + ed = listened
2. Verbs ending in - e - e- ээр тєгсєдєг vйл vгс:
move + d= moved
love + d = loved
3. Short verbs ending in one vowel + one consonant - нэг эгшиг + нэг гийгvvлэгчээр тєгсєдєг богино vйл vгс:
stop + ped = stopped
4. Verbs ending in consonant + -y - гийгvvлэгч + -y ээр тєгсєдєг vйл vгс:
carry + ied = carried
study + ied = studied
Гэхдээ бас олонхи vйл vгнvvд нь irregular буюу дvрмээс гадуур хувирдаг. Энэ нь simple past буюу энгийн єнгєрсєн цагт vйл vг нь - ed тєгсгєлийг авдаггvй гэсэн vг.
Example:
| break - broke | My son broke his toy last evening |
| drink - drank | Yesterday morning I drank two big bottles of milk. |
| cut - cut | My friend cut her hair last night. |
Irregular verbs- дvрмээс гадуур єнгєрсєн цагийн хэлбэр авдаг vйл vгс
| become - became begin - began come - came catch - caught do - did drive - drove eat - ate find - found forget - forgot |
have - had hear - heard keep - kept know - knew leave - left lose - lost make - made meet - met pay - paid |
run - ran say - said see - saw sleep - slept speak - spoke stand - stood think - thought teach - taught undestand - understood |
АНХААРУУЛГА! Энд цєєхєн тооны жишээ єгсєн бєгєєд толь бичиг бvрийн ард ихэнх тохиолдолд vйл vгсийн жагсаалт єгєгдсєн байдаг. Энэ irregular verbs-ийг тогтоохгvйгээр aнгли хэл сурах боломжгvй гэдгийг анхаар!
Simple Past Tense Form
Statement - батлах єгvvлбэр
| I You He/She/It We They |
went
|
to Ulaanbaatar last year.
|
|
moved
|
Negative - Їгvйсгэх єгvvлбэр
Simple Past цаг дээр vгvйсгэхийн тулд didn't (did not) + infinitive (vйл vг анхны хэлбэрт to -гvй) хэрэглэдэг.
| I You He/She/It We They didn't go to Ulaanbaatar. |
didn't
|
go
|
to Ulaanbaatar.
|
|
move
|
Questions - Асуух єгvvлбэр
Асуух єгvvлбэр бvтээхийн тулд did + infinitive (vйл vг анхны хэлбэрт to - гvй) хэрэглэдэг.
|
Where
|
did
|
It
You he/she/it we they |
go to UB?
|
|
When
|
move to UB?
|
Yes/No questions - Тийм /vгvй асуултууд
|
Did
|
I
you she/he/it they we |
go
|
to Ulaanbaatar?
|
|
move
|
Short Answers - Товч хариултууд
No, I didn't. / No, they didn't.
Yes, he did. / Yes, he did.
No, you didn't.
Yes, you did.
Мєн энэ цаг дээр дараах цаг хугацаа заасан vгсийг хэрэглэдэг.
last evening- єчигдєр орой
last night -єчигдєр шєнє
last Monday - єнгєрсєн Даваа гариг
last week - єнгєрсєн долоо хоногт
last September- єнгєрсєн есєн сард
last year - єнгєрсєн жил
yesterday morning - єчигдєр єглєє
yesterday evening - єчигдєр орой
äàñãàë
Exercise 1
Write what you did yesterday. Write 10 sentences. Begin like this:
I woke up at …….
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
h.
Exercise 2
Match a line in A with a line in B. Put the verb in A into the Present Simple and the verb in B into the Past Simple.
Their names are Susan and Alex. Susan is 28 and Alex is 23 years old. They are married. Both of them like swimming and hate running. Susan eats spicy food, but Alex prefers fast food without any spices. They both work for the same insurance company. They work long hours, from 8 a.m till 8 p.m. therefore they don't have any pets. During their summer holidays Alex and Susan usually travel to Africa. Alex's hobby is taking photographs. Susan loves watching lions. But last year they went to Asia, Thailand. They tried many different things, even things they never do at home.
|
A
|
B
|
| a. We usually ……..(swim), but
b. Susan and Alex always ……….(work) till 8 p.m, but
|
last summer they………(go) to Thailand.
she really ……….(enjoy) the Tai cuisine. last week they ………(work) till 6 p.m last summer he ………(forget) his camera and ………(learn) to draw. last summer we ……. (don't swim) a lot. |
Exercise 3
Put the words in the correct order to make questions.
Example: visit, they, exhibition, did, an, when.
When did they visit an exhibition?
1. where holiday winter did you on go your
?
2. did how she travel to yesterday school
?
3. Alice did Peter and do what Monday last
?
4. what bed you time go last did to night
?
5. did plane they time by where travel last ?
?
Answer these questions with short answers.
Example: Did you play tennis yesterday? - No, I didn't.
1. Did you drive to work? ………………………….
2. Did you watch TV last evening? ………………………….
3. Did you take a shower this morning? ……………………….
4. Did you have lunch yesterday afternoon? ………………….
5. Did your friend call you last week? …………………………
6. Did you go to bed early last night? …………………………
